Bio

Dr. van Vollenhoven received a veterinary degree at the University of Pretoria (South Africa) in 1992, a law degree in 2007 (UNISA – University of South Africa) and a PhD (measuring the stress in teaching horses during student transrectal palpation practicals using non-invasive methods namely salivary and faecal cortisol as well as heart rate variability) in 2018. She worked for 18 years as a State Veterinarian, dealing especially with law/legislative issues, before joining the University of Pretoria as a lecturer in Ethology (horse behaviour, nutrition and welfare) as well as Law and Ethics in 2010-2017. She was a member of the Animal Ethics Committee of the University of Pretoria and (2016-2019). She is also a member of ISAE's (International Society for Applied Ethology) ethics committee and a Certified Veterinary Acupuncturist as well as a Certified Canine Rehabilitation Practitioner.